She was not amused

原文

Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his great sense of humour -- everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny.

Recently, one of Jeremy's closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves. He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny.

he had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Jeremy was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked.

On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadn't. Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!

译文

杰里米·汉普登有一大群朋友,在派对上深受欢迎。大家都佩服他的幽默感——大家,除了他六岁的女儿珍妮。

最近,杰里米的一位最亲密的朋友请他在婚礼招待会上发言。这正是杰里米喜欢做的事。他仔细准备了演讲,并带着珍妮去了婚礼。

他在演讲中加入了许多有趣的故事,当然,它大获成功。他一结束,珍妮就告诉他想回家。杰里米对此有些失望,但他还是照女儿的要求做了。

在回家的路上,他问珍妮是否喜欢那个演讲。令他惊讶的是,她说不喜欢。杰里米问她为什么,她告诉他,她不喜欢看到那么多人笑他!

词汇表

关键句型 "This is the sort of thing that [subject] [verb]."

定义

这个句型用于描述某事物的类型或特点,强调它属于某种类别,并通过从句进一步解释。结构包括:This is the sort of thing that + [subject](主语)+ [verb](动词)。根据《剑桥英语语法手册》,这是一种相对从句的常见表达方式,用于连接主句和从句,提供更多细节,使句子更生动和精确。

例如,在文章中,“This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves.” 表示“这是杰里米喜欢的那种事情”。它帮助学习者表达偏好或描述事物特征,适合日常对话或叙述故事。

用法

此句型常用于谈论个人喜好、习惯或一般情况,强调某事物的本质。规则:主句 This is the sort of thing 后跟 that 引导的定语从句,其中 that 可以引导人、物或动作的描述。它的位置在语法体系中属于复杂句型,涉及定语从句,与简单句或并列句形成对比。

横向比较:与简单句如 "Jeremy loves this." 相比,这个句型更详细,提供背景信息;与其他从句如 "which" 引导的从句相比,that 更直接,常用于非正式语境,而 which 可能用于正式描述。与条件句(如 "If this is the sort of thing...")的联系在于,它们都扩展句子复杂性,帮助构建叙述。

在实际应用中,这个句型适合故事讲述、个人介绍或表达意见。例如,在社交场合说:“This is the sort of thing that makes me happy.” 学生可以将其与时间从句或原因从句结合,增强表达能力。

注意事项

学生容易犯的错误包括:误用 that,如将其省略(例如说 "This is the sort of thing Jeremy loves",但在正式语境中应保留以清晰),或将从句结构搞错,导致句子不完整。另一个常见问题是用错主语或动词时态,例如在从句中用现在时而非过去时,破坏一致性。

纠正建议:练习时,确保 that 正确引导从句,并检查时态一致。使用简单例句来比较。

错误示例:This is the sort of thing Jeremy love.  (动词形式错误,应为第三人称单数)
正确示例:This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves.

记住,过度复杂化从句可能让句子难懂,所以保持简洁。

练习

一个原创例子:在日常对话中,你可以说:“This is the sort of thing that I enjoy on weekends.” 意思是“这是我周末喜欢做的那种事情”。学生可以替换 [subject][verb],如改成 “This is the sort of thing that my friend hates.” 或在旅游场景中说:“This is the sort of thing that we do on vacation.”

通过替换关键词,学生能应用到个人经历中,例如描述爱好或不喜欢的事物,这有助于加深记忆和灵活使用。

额外内容

背景知识:这个句型源于英语中定语从句的演变,常见于英美文学和口语中,体现了英语表达的精确性。对比分析:与中文的“这是…的那种东西”类似,但英语使用 that 引导从句,更结构化。而在法语中,类似结构如 "C'est le genre de chose que...",也依赖从句,但英语版本更直观,无需性别变化。

了解此句型能帮助学生欣赏英语故事的叙述风格,如文章中Jeremy的故事,进而扩展到写作中。

关键句型 "He asked [someone] if [clause]."

定义

这个句型用于表达询问或确认某事,结构为:He asked + [someone](询问对象)+ if + [clause](从句)。根据《牛津现代英语语法》,它是一种宾语从句的典型形式,常用于间接疑问句,表示礼貌的咨询或求证。

在文章中,如 "He asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech.",它帮助传递对话的自然流畅性,适合表达不确定性或寻求信息。

用法

此句型主要出现在对话或叙述中,用于间接提问场景,如询问意见、感受或事实。规则:if 引导的从句通常用陈述语序,且时态需与主句协调。在语法体系中,它属于宾语从句,与直接疑问句(如 "Did you enjoy it?")相对,是间接表达的进阶形式。

横向比较:与 "whether" 引导的从句相比,if 更口语化,用于是非问题,而 whether 常用于正式场合或选择情境;与直接问句对比,它更委婉,避免了直截了当的语气。与其他从句如时间从句("when")的联系在于,都扩展句子功能,但 if 专用于条件或疑问。

例如,在社交中说:“She asked me if I was free.” 学生可将其与情态动词结合,如 "He asked if I could help."

注意事项

学生常犯错误是混淆 ifwhether,或在从句中使用疑问语序(如 "if had she enjoyed" 而非 "if she had enjoyed")。另一个问题是时态不一致,例如主句用过去时,从句却用现在时。

纠正建议:始终用陈述语序写从句,并练习时态匹配。使用例句进行对比。

错误示例:He asked Jenny if had she enjoyed the speech.  (语序错误)
正确示例:He asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech.

注意,在非正式英语中,if 可省略某些语境,但初学者应避免。

练习

原创例子:在家庭对话中说:“He asked his sister if she wanted to go out.” 学生可以替换 [someone][clause],如 “She asked her friend if he was coming.” 或在学校场景中:“The teacher asked the student if they understood the lesson.”

这种替换能让学生模拟真实对话,增强实际应用能力。

额外内容

背景知识:这个句型反映了英语中间接问句的礼貌传统,起源于维多利亚时代强调的社交规范。对比分析:与西班牙语的 "preguntó si..." 类似,但英语更注重时态一致性,而中文如“他问…是否…”则依赖词汇而非结构。

学习此句型能改善对话技能,类似于文章中Jeremy与Jenny的互动。