原文

Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.

he has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.

When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.

Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect.

Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!

译文

杰斯珀·怀特是那些相信古代神话的少数人之一。

他刚在城里买了一所新房子,但自从他搬进去后,就一直和汽车及车主们发生麻烦。

当他晚上回家时,他总是发现有人把车停在大门外。因此,他一次也没能把自己的车开进车库。

杰斯珀在大门外贴了“禁止停车”的标志,但这些标志毫无效果。

现在,他在门上放了一个丑陋的石像头。这是我见过的最丑陋的脸庞之一。我问他那是什么,他告诉我那是美杜莎,那个蛇发女怪。

杰斯珀希望她能把汽车和车主们变成石头。但到目前为止,还没有一个变成石头!

词汇表

rare

形容词
英:/reə/
美:/rer/
定义
1. 罕见的 - Not occurring often or not common.

例子: This is a rare opportunity that comes once in a lifetime.

例子: Rare birds are protected in national parks.

2. 珍稀的 - Unusual or exceptional in quality.

例子: He has a rare talent for music.

例子: This coin is rare and valuable.

近义词
uncommon: 强调不常见,常用于描述事件或物品,与 'rare' 类似,但更侧重于不寻常的频率。
scarce: 暗示资源短缺或供应不足,与 'rare' 相比,更强调可用性的限制。
infrequent: 专注于发生频率低,与 'rare' 不同之处在于,它更侧重于时间间隔而非整体稀有性。
反义词:
common, frequent, abundant
用法
常用于描述不常见的事物或事件,常见搭配如 'rare event' 或 'rare species',在正式和非正式语境中均适用,无特定文化背景限制。
形式:
比较级: rarer, 最高级: rarest

关键句型 "one of [plural noun] who..."

定义

此句型用于描述一个特定成员属于一组中的一部分,强调独特性或稀有性。结构为:one of + [plural noun](复数名词)+ who(引导定语从句)。根据《剑桥英语语法》教材,这种句型常用于表达“其中之一”,其中 who 引导一个定语从句修饰前面的名词,突出该成员的特征。它简洁明了,帮助学习者描述群体中的个体。

例如,在文章中:“Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.” 这句型强调Jasper是稀有人群中的一员。

用法

此句型主要用于正式或叙述性语言中,描述某人或某物在群体中的位置,常出现在介绍人物、事物或比较时。规则:one of 后跟复数名词,然后用 who(用于人)或 that(用于物)引导从句。语法体系中,它属于定语从句的范畴,与简单句相比,能添加更多细节。

横向比较:与 "a [noun] who..." 不同,此句型强调“其中之一”的独特性,而非泛指;与 "the only one who..." 相比,它表示群体中不止一个可能。与其他结构如 "among [plural noun], there is one who..." 联系紧密,但更简洁。跨语法点联系:它涉及定语从句,因此学生可联想到其他从句如时间状语从句,帮助构建复杂句。

在实际场景中,如写作或对话中,用来介绍名人:“She is one of the scientists who discovered new planets.”

注意事项

学生常犯的错误包括:忘记用复数名词,如说 "one of that rare person who..." 而应为 "one of those rare people who...";或 misuse who,如用在非人名词上(应改用 thatwhich)。纠正建议:始终检查名词的单复数,并练习定语从句的引导词选择。

另一个常见偏误是句子结构不完整,如漏掉从句,导致意思模糊。提供例句:

错误示例:He is one of the students likes math.  // 缺少who,句子不完整
正确示例:He is one of the students who like math.  // who引导从句,动词like需与students的复数一致

练习

原创例子:假设在朋友聚会上,你可以说:“My friend is one of those talented artists who paint beautiful landscapes.” 学生可以替换 [plural noun] 为 "successful athletes who win medals",并改变 who 从句,如 "who travel the world",以练习在不同语境中应用,例如在简历中写:“I am one of the employees who contribute innovative ideas.”

这种替换能帮助学生灵活使用句型,增强表达的精确性。

额外内容

背景知识:此句型源于英语中强调个体与群体的关系,常在文学和新闻中出现,类似于拉丁语的表达方式。对比分析:与中文的 "其中之一是..." 类似,但英语通过定语从句添加描述,结构更丰富。与法语的 "l'un des... qui..." 相似,均用于突出独特性。学习此句型能提升学生在描述性写作中的能力,并为掌握更复杂的从句铺路,如非限制性定语从句。

关键句型 "It is one of the [superlative] [noun] I have ever seen."

定义

此句型用于表达某物在已见事物中排名第一的极端程度,强调比较的独特性。结构为:It is + one of the + [superlative adjective](最高级形容词)+ [noun](名词)+ I have ever seen(我所见过的)。根据《牛津现代英语语法》,它结合了最高级形容词和现在完成时,营造强调效果,常用于口语或写作中描述极端体验。

文章中如:“It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.” 突出了面孔的丑陋程度。

用法

此句型常用于个人评价、故事叙述或评论场景,表示某事物在个人经验中是最极端的。规则:one of the 后接最高级形容词和名词,然后用 I have ever + 过去分词 表达经验。语法体系中,它整合了最高级形容词和现在完成时,强调持续经验。

横向比较:与简单最高级句如 "It is the ugliest face." 相比,此句型添加了 one of theI have ever seen,使其更主观和强调;与 "the most [adjective] I have seen" 类似,但 one of the 暗示群体中不止一个。与其他句型如 "I have never seen anything as [adjective] as this" 联系密切,都用于比较。跨语法点联系:涉及现在完成时和形容词比较级,帮助学生连接时态和修饰语的学习。

在实际中,如旅游日记:“It is one of the most beautiful beaches I have ever visited.”

注意事项

学生易犯错误包括:误用形容词等级,如用比较级代替最高级("uglier" 而非 "ugliest");或忽略现在完成时,导致时态错误,如说 "I saw ever"。纠正建议:练习最高级形容词的形成,并确保用 have ever + 过去分词 表示经验。

另一个问题是主语一致性,如漏掉 It is,直接说 "One of the...",使句子不完整。例句展示:

错误示例:It is one of the ugly faces I have ever seen.  // 应为ugliest,以最高级强调
正确示例:It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.  // 正确使用最高级

练习

原创例子:在描述旅游经历时,你可以说:“It is one of the tallest buildings I have ever seen in the city.” 学生可替换 [superlative] 为 "most delicious meals",并修改 [noun]I have ever seen 为 "I have ever tasted",如在餐厅评论:“It is one of the most flavorful dishes I have ever tasted.”

通过替换,学生能应用到日常对话中,提升表达生动性。

额外内容

背景知识:此句型在英语中用于主观表达,常见于19世纪小说中,强调个人视角。对比分析:与西班牙语的 "Es uno de los más [adjetivo] que he visto" 相似,均通过最高级和经验时态突出极端性。了解此句型能帮助学生在文化交流中自信描述经历,并扩展到其他表达如 "the best I've ever had",丰富语言表达力。