A wet night

原文

Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelled good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!

译文

下午晚些时候,男孩们在田野中央支起了帐篷。一做完,他们就在篝火上煮饭。他们都饿了,饭菜闻起来很香。吃过一顿美餐后,他们围着营火讲故事、唱歌。但过了一会儿,天开始下雨。男孩们感到疲倦,于是他们熄灭了火,悄悄钻进帐篷。睡袋温暖舒适,因此他们都睡得很香。半夜里,两个男孩醒来,开始大喊大叫。帐篷里满是水!他们全都从睡袋里跳出来,急忙跑到外面。雨下得很大,他们发现田野里形成了一条小溪。小溪蜿蜒穿过田野,然后正好流经他们的帐篷下面!

词汇表

put up

动词短语
定义
1. 搭起或 erect - To erect or assemble something, such as a tent.

例子: They put up the tent quickly before the storm arrived.

例子: We always put up decorations for the holiday season.

2. 提供住宿 - To provide accommodation or lodging.

例子: My friend put me up for the night when I visited the city.

例子: The hotel puts up guests in comfortable rooms.

近义短语
set up: 更正式,常用于技术或专业语境,如设置设备,而 'put up' 更口语化,适用于日常活动。
erect: 更正式和书面化,常用于建筑或结构语境,不如 'put up' 通用或日常。
raise: 强调提升或举起,常用于旗帜或结构,与 'put up' 的组装含义类似,但更侧重垂直动作。
反义短语:
take down, dismantle, pack away
用法
常用于描述快速组装或搭建物体,语境多为户外活动或临时安排,既可正式也可非正式,常搭配如 'put up a tent' 或 'put up with something'(容忍),但后者是不同含义。
变体:
putting up, puts up

关键句型 "As soon as [clause], [main clause]"

定义

此句型用于表达两个事件之间的紧密顺序关系,表示一个事件刚一发生,另一个事件就立即跟随。结构为:As soon as(一…就…)+ [clause](从句,通常用一般过去时)+ , + [main clause](主句,通常用一般过去时)。根据《剑桥英语语法》教材,这种句型是一种时间状语从句,强调事件的即时性,常用于叙述故事或描述快速反应。

例如,在文章中:“As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal.” 这里,“this was done” 是从句,“they cooked a meal” 是主句。

它帮助学习者构建连贯的叙述,突出事件的因果或时间联系。

用法

此句型主要用于描述过去或将来的事件,强调快速 succession(相继发生)。规则:从句通常用一般过去时或一般现在时,主句根据语境调整(如过去时或将来时)。在语法体系中,它属于时间状语从句,与其他连接词如 whenafter 相关,但 as soon as 更强调立即性。

横向比较:与 when 句型(如 "When it started raining, they ran inside")相比,as soon as 暗示更短的间隔时间,更适合快速反应场景;与 after 相比,after 表示事件顺序但不强调即时性(如 "After dinner, they went to bed")。这种比较帮助学生理解时间状语从句的细微差异,并建立联系,例如可以将 as soon as 与条件句结合使用,如 "As soon as you arrive, call me."。

在实际应用中,此句型常见于故事叙述、日常对话或写作中,增强叙述的流畅性。

注意事项

学生常犯的错误包括:误用时态,例如在从句中使用将来时(如 "As soon as I will finish",应为 "As soon as I finish");或忽略逗号,导致句子结构混乱。纠正建议:始终记住从句用一般时态,并添加逗号以分隔从句和主句。

另一个常见偏误是过度使用,导致句子重复;或者混淆与 as soon as possible(尽快)的区别,前者是时间状语,后者是短语表示速度。提供具体例句:

错误示例:As soon as they finished the meal, they goes to sleep.  // 错误:主句时态不对,应为过去时。
正确示例:As soon as they finished the meal, they went to sleep.

练习时,注意语调的自然流畅,以避免生硬表达。

练习

原创例子:假设你在露营时可以说:“As soon as the sun sets, we’ll start the campfire.” 学生可以替换关键词,例如将 [clause] 改为 “As soon as it stops raining, we’ll go hiking.” 或调整主句为 “As soon as the tent is set up, we’ll eat dinner.”

这种替换练习能让学生在类似露营或日常生活中应用句型,增强对时间顺序的理解,并鼓励他们创建自己的故事场景,如描述一次旅行。

额外内容

背景知识:此句型源于英语中时间连接词的演变,常见于英式和美式英语的叙述中,类似于法语中的 "dès que",但英语版本更直接。对比分析:与中文的 "一…就…" 类似,as soon as 通过结构体现即时性,而中文依赖词汇。了解这种句型还能扩展到其他时间状语,如 beforeuntil,帮助学生构建更复杂的句子,提升写作能力。