Can I help you, madam? ,。

原文

A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.

One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels. Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part.

She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress.

Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it.

She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.

译文

一个穿着牛仔裤的女人站在一家高档商店的橱窗前。虽然她犹豫了一会儿,但最终还是走进去,要求看一眼橱窗里的那件连衣裙。

最漂亮的汽车之一是劳斯莱斯银色幽灵。最不寻常的汽车是一辆只有三个轮子的奔驰。它制造于1885年,是参加展出的最古老的汽车。

第二天早晨,她穿着毛皮大衣回到了商店,一手拿着手袋,一手拿着长柄伞。找到那个无礼的店员后,她要看了那件同样的连衣裙。

店员没有认出她是谁,这次他急于为她服务。他费了好大劲儿爬进橱窗去取那件连衣裙。她一看到它,就说不喜欢。

她自得其乐地让店员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都拿出来,最后才买下了她最初要的那件连衣裙。

词汇表

hesitated

动词
英:/ˈhez.ɪ.teɪ.tɪd/
美:/ˈhez.ə.teɪ.t̬ɪd/
定义
1. 犹豫 - To pause or wait before saying or doing something, often due to uncertainty or doubt.

例子: She hesitated for a moment before entering the room.

例子: He hesitated to accept the job offer because of the low salary.

近义词
paused: 更中性,强调短暂停止,而 'hesitated' 暗示内在的犹豫或不决。
wavered: 强调在决定之间摇摆,通常用于意见或忠诚,而 'hesitated' 更侧重于行动上的延迟。
dithered: 更非正式,常用于英国英语,强调无谓的犹豫,而 'hesitated' 更通用。
反义词:
decided, acted, proceeded
用法
常用于描述决策过程中的不确定性,常见搭配如 'hesitate to do something',在正式和非正式语境中均适用。
形式:
原形: hesitate, 过去式: hesitated, 现在分词: hesitating, 过去分词: hesitated, 第三人称单数: hesitates

关键句型 "Though [clause], [main clause]"

定义

此句型用于表达让步或转折,表示尽管有某种情况,主句内容仍然发生。结构为:Though(尽管)+ [clause](从句,通常是完整句子)+ , [main clause](主句)。根据《剑桥英语语法》教材,这种句型是让步状语从句的常见形式,Though 引导从句,强调对比或意外情况,让句子更连贯自然。

例如,在文章中:“Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in...” 这里Though 引导的从句突出让步,突显主句的行动。

用法

此句型常用于描述现实中的转折场景,如故事叙述、日常对话或写作中,表示某种障碍或条件并未改变结果。在语法体系中,它属于状语从句的一部分,与时间状语从句(如 "when")或原因状语从句(如 "because")相关联,但Though 专注于让步,强调对比。

横向比较:与 "Although" 类似,Though 可以互换使用,但Though 更口语化,常置于句首;与 "However" 相比,Though 直接连接从句,而 "However" 作为副词需用逗号隔开,更适合独立句。跨语法联系:学生可将其与条件句(如 "If... then...")结合,练习复杂句构建,例如 "Though it was raining, we went out, which shows determination."

规则包括:从句通常用一般时态,主句可根据语境变化;Though 后跟主语和谓语完整从句,不可用作副词。

注意事项

学生易犯的错误包括:将Though 与主句混淆顺序,导致句子不逻辑,如 "She finally went in though she hesitated"(这虽可行,但常需逗号);或遗漏逗号,造成阅读障碍。纠正建议:始终在Though 从句后加逗号,并在练习时注意语调,强调转折部分。

另一个常见偏误是误用为 "But",如 "But she hesitated, she went in",这会使句子不正式。提供例句:

错误示例:Though she hesitated she finally went in.  (缺少逗号,阅读不顺。)
正确示例:Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see the dress.

练习

原创例子:假设你在购物时说:“Though I’m on a budget, I finally bought the book I wanted.” 学生可以替换关键词,如将 "Though I’m on a budget" 改为 "Though it’s raining outside",并扩展到新场景,例如在朋友聊天中说:“Though I was tired, I finished my homework on time.”

这种替换练习能帮助学生在日常对话中灵活应用句型,增强表达转折的能力。

额外内容

背景知识:Though 源自古英语,历史悠久,常用于英语文学中表达人生矛盾,如莎士比亚的作品。对比分析:与中文的 "虽然...但是..." 类似,但英语中Though 更简洁,不需要重复连接词;与法语的 "Bien que..." 相比,英语版本无需额外动词变化,更易于初学者掌握。这能丰富学生对英语转折表达的理解,并鼓励他们在写作中多用此类句型来增加深度。

关键句型 "As soon as [clause], [main clause]"

定义

此句型用于表示一个动作紧接着另一个动作发生,强调时间的紧迫性。结构为:As soon as(一...就...)+ [clause](从句,通常是时间状语从句)+ , [main clause](主句)。根据《牛津现代英语语法》,这是一种时间状语从句的典型表达,突出事件的顺序和即时性,帮助句子描述快速反应。

在文章中:“As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it.” 这里As soon as 连接两个紧密相关的动作。

用法

此句型常用于叙述故事、日常事件或指令场景中,表示某事发生后立即引发另一事。在语法体系中,它属于时间状语从句,与 "When" 或 "After" 相关,但As soon as 更强调瞬间发生,适合描述快速序列。

横向比较:与 "When" 相比,As soon as 暗示更短的时间间隔,如 "When I arrived" 可能有延迟,而 "As soon as I arrived" 强调立即;与 "Immediately after" 相比,As soon as 更简洁口语化。跨语法联系:学生可将其与条件句(如 "If... then...")结合,练习如 "As soon as it rains, I’ll take an umbrella, if I remember."

规则:从句常用一般时态,主句可根据语境调整;As soon as 后必须跟完整从句,不能简化。

注意事项

学生常犯错误包括:省略逗号,导致句子混乱,如 "As soon as she saw it the woman said...";或误用为 "As" 单独使用,失去强调效果。纠正建议:练习时确保从句后加逗号,并注意时态一致,避免主从句时态不匹配。

另一个偏误是过度使用,造成句子重复;例如,将其与 "Suddenly" 混淆。提供例句:

错误示例:As soon as she saw it, the woman say she did not like it.  (动词时态错误,应为 "said"。)
正确示例:As soon as she saw the dress, the woman said she did not like it.

练习

原创例子:在日常生活中说:“As soon as I get home, I’ll call you.” 学生可以替换关键词,如将 "As soon as I get home" 改为 "As soon as the meeting ends",并应用到新场景,例如计划中:“As soon as the movie starts, we’ll buy popcorn.”

替换练习能让学生在实际对话中体会句型的实用性,提升时间表达的精确度。

额外内容

背景知识:As soon as 起源于英语中对时间顺序的强调,在现代小说和新闻中很常见,用于创建紧张氛围。对比分析:与中文的 "一...就..." 非常相似,但英语中需完整从句结构;与西班牙语的 "En cuanto..." 相比,英语版本更直接,不涉及额外词汇。这有助于学生理解跨文化表达,鼓励他们在学习中探索类似句型,以丰富语言的动态感。